Refrigerative vessel



UNITED STATES ATENT Friese,

PHILIP NUNAN, OF SADUSKIQOFIIO,

REFRIGERATIVE VESSEL.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 273,137, dated February 27, 1883,

Application filed December 9,1882; (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP NUNAN, of Sandusky city, in the county of Erie and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in RefrigerativeVessels; and I do hereby declarethat thefolldwing is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form part of this specification.

My invention has for its object the construction of a useful and convenient refrigerative vessel for preserving perishable substances from deterioration by heat, whether in transit or stationary, and which require refrigerants for their proper preservation, and particularly duringshipmeut.

Heretofore vessels have been maderfor like -and economical vessel by which various articles are kept cool or reduced in temperature, and chemical decomposition caused by the presence of eiuvia from the articles generally contained in such vessels prevented to a great extent, and the apparatus is so constructed as to be cheap in first cost, easily cleansed, and can be easily repaired from injury, all of which will be hereinafter more fully explained and described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l represents an elevation of my improved vessel. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal vertical section of the same; Fig. 3, a transverse section taken on the line `naar of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows an inverted view, in perspective, of the ice pan or holder. Fig. 5 shows a square vessel in perspective embodying substantially the same principles of construction as that shown by the cylindrical vessel. y

`Like letters denote like parts in all the figures.

A is the vessel, which is provided with an outside coating, a, of lagging made of wood or I other suitable non-conducting material. This coating or casing of lagging may or may not be applied, as the vessel can be advantageously `used with or without it. It may be said, however, that in very warm climates, or for eect- `iveness of preservation, the lagging or coating will be found to be a great advantage, both as protection against the heat and also against abrasion ofthe outer walls of the vessel.

B shows an inner Vessel, smaller in dianeter than the outer vessel, A, and is so located within said vessel A as to form an annular space or chamber between the walls of the tivo vessels. The inner vessel, B, is, suspended by means of an annulus, b, which is rigidly secured to the inner side of the vessel A at about one-third the distance of the vessel from its top. The said annulus forms the top wall of the chamber c,which, as before stated, is formed between the outer and inner vessel, respectively. This annulus bal-so forms a support or rest for the ice-pan C, which will be described hereinafter. The annulus b is provided with two ormore apertures onitsface. Fitting toand projecting downwardly therefrom are as many tubes d for the reception and conveyance of the water from the melting ice to near the bottom of the chamber, the object of which will be described farther on. Within the annular chamber c, and extending from near its bottom upward to near its top, I locate an exit or overfiow pipe, e, which is provided with an elbow,f, atitslower end, projectingout through the outer wall, and which elbow may` be provided with a draw-ofi' plug.

I will now describe more in detail my ice pan or holder C, which is made ,to fit into the upper portion of the vessel A. By referring to Figs. 2 and 4 it will be observed that the pan is provided with a series of tubes, g, h, and t'. The pipe or tube t' extends through the ice-pan and lid of the vessel, and forms a communicator between the interior of the inner vessel and the open air, the obj ect being to provide means for the escape of any animal or other delete- .rions heat or eftluvia that may be generated within the vessel,which, if retained, would cre- `ate decomposition ofthe contained'substances.

loo

a degree as to perfectly' maintain the contained of the ice-pan, which bottom is made with a l Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters convex upper surface, the object being to more easily shed the water of the melting ice into the conduits g h. rlhese conduits or nipples are made slightly tapering for their more ready admission into the conveying-tubes d1 which carry the escaping cold water to the bottom ofthe annular chamber surrounding the inner vessel. It will be further observed that the lid of the vessel is -made hollow, so thatit also has an air-cushion to prevent conduction of heat, the walls ot' the lid forming a guide for the heat-escape tube t'. Ice-pans ot' similar construction may be made to tit the modification shown by Fic. 5, only that in this instance they must be made square or right-angled in eontiguration. It is evident that oval or other choice shapes may be adopted, ifdesired,with out departing from the spirit ot' my invention.

The operation ot' my in vent-ion is as follows: The vessel is charged with any substances requiring lrefrigerants for its preservation in warm weather. rlhe ice-pan is then inserted and filled with ice. The lid is then put on, the stopper of tube 't' being leftout if there be animal heat in the contents ofthe vessel-such contents, for instance, as milk and butter. When the ice commences to melt, the water therefrom escapes through the tubes g h into tubes d to the annular chamber until it fills to the top ofthe escape or overllow pipe B. This water, being very cold, cools'the contents ofthe inner vessels to such an extent that they are preserved from decomposition. The object of pipes d is to compel the water escaping from the ice to descend to displace theless cold water, which would, ifnot displaced, remain sluggish, and in time become heated, and in this way defeat the object of the invention. By this means I maintain a constant circulation around the inner vessel from the entering-pipe to the exit-pipe, and thus equalize the temperature throughout the vessel. Other means of circulation may be employed, itdesired. Then the vessels are to be used in winter-time, the ice is dispensed with and the annular waterehamber becomes a dead-air chamber, which acts equally well in cold freezing' weather in preventing` the milk or other such substances which require an even temperature from eX- treme cold. Experience has demonstrated that liquid placed in these-vessels and subjected to eXtreme external freezing temperature was not sensibly ai'eeted, and thus it was maintained and preserved from injury.

Itis well known that substance, and particularly milk, is much injured by frost in transit. \Vith my invention the contents of the vessel are preserved from extreme temperatures, both from heat and cold, and thus a great saving is the result of its use in transportation. The lagging surrounding the outer vessel, A, is kept in position by metallic bands or hoops, which lagging serves to eii'ectually protect the vessel from indentations and other injuries 4incident to transportation.

Having thus described my invention, what Patent, is-

1. A ret'rigerating-vessel constructed as described, consisting ot' an outer covered vessel and an inner vessel, said vessels being of varying diameters, forming an intermediate cham ber between them, in combination with an iceholdi'ng pan relatively arranged to the said vessels in such manner that the water from the dissolving ice is made to till the intermediate chamber, as described. j

2. rlhe combination, in a rcfrigerative vessel consistingot'theouter covered vessel and theinner vessel, forming the intermediate chamber c, oftheice-holder provided with the water-escape tubes and the heat-escape tube, communicating with the inner vessel and outer air, substantially as described.

3.' A ret'rigerative vessel constructed substantially as described, consisting of the inner and outer vessel forming the intermediate chamber, in combination with the ice-holder, the latter' having water-escape tubes adapted to tit the circulating-tubes d, and operating therewith, as described.

4. A ret'rigerating-vessel consisting ot the vessels A B,form1ng an intermediate space, and ice-holder C, in combination with the cir culating-pipe and discharge-pipe, whereby the cold water is tirst made to descend and the water ofahigher degree otteinperature is made to ascend to the escape-pipe, substantially as described.

5. A refrigerating-vessel consisting of the outer and inner chambers, the formerhaving the annulus b, from which the inner chamber is suspended, said annulusV also serving as a support for the ice-holder, said annulus being provided with apertures for the reception ot' the escape-nipples ot' the ice-holder, in combination with the circulatingtube and the es- IOO IOS

cape-tube located within the intermediate 'or cover having a dead-air space and a guideaperture forthe guidance of the air-escape tube, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I hereunto affix my signature in pre..- ence of two witnesses.

PHILIP NUNAN.

Witnesses:

B. F. MonsELL, EDWARD E. ELLIS.

IIO

IIS 

